Tour of The Abbey of Montecassino
The
original site of the Abbey of Montecassino was a
temple dedicated to Apollo and in approximately 529 A.D. St. Benedict founded the Montecassino
Monastary and destroyed the temple to Apollo. In 577, it was destroyed by the Logobards of Zotone but Pope
Gregory II rebuilt it in 718 with the help of Abbot Petronax
from Brescia. In 787 Charlemagne visited the abbey and gave
it privileges. In 883 it was invaded by
the Saracens, who killed the Founder of the medieval Cassino, Bertarius. In the mid- tenth century
Abbot Aligerno brought the monks back to the Abbey at
Montecassino.
This is the
virtual tour of monastic life and the current visual art of the Abbey of Montecassino. It
is set in the
woods of Italy. Here is
the overview of the Abbey and an outline to our tour. The tour begins in the beginning of the Abbey
in the Entrance
Cloister, where the statue of the Death of St. Benedict lies. It was previously where the Temple
of Apollo was placed. Going forth from this place is another
cloister called the Cloister
of Bramante.
It was built in 1595 and measured 40m by 30 m. It has an octagonal well in the center and on
opposing sides are the statues of St.
Benedict and St. Scolastica. From
this cloister, the monks can then go to the anti-portico of the upper
Cloister. From the upper cloister one
can look at the Paradise
Loggia. After going through the
anti-portico one arrives at the Benefactor’s
Cloister with panels on the left featuring St. Benedict’s arrival at Montecassino, his converting of the place, and raising a
child from the dead. The lower ends of
this cloister have the first destruction by the Longobards
and the second destructions by the Saracens.
The right side has St. Benedict receiving Goth King Totila,
ennobling farm work, as an evangelizer, and the spreading of monks like the
spreading of disciples. The bottom is
the third destruction by earthquake in 1349 and fourth destruction by bombardment
in 1944. This cloister leads to the
Refectory on the right, which also leads to the cells of the monks. On the left is the museum, which
preserves the works of the Abbey. In the
front through the middle
door is the Basilica
Cathedral, which is the most artistic artwork. It was rebuilt in the 17-18th
centuries by C. Fansago. It is most famous for containing the remains
and body of St. Benedict, himself. This
is the roof of the nave and these are some of the side chapels, such as The Glory of
St. Benedict, the Chapel
of John the Baptist. It also
contains artwork such as Peter
being Freed from Jail, St. Vittore III as he receives from St. Benedict the Rule and
Pastoral Letters, Madonna
and Child, Blessed
Sacrament, and Obedience. Finally, it contains great archeological
structures such as the Sacristy
portal, the Entrance
to the Crypt, the Center
Vault, the Black
Marble Portal, the Sepulchral
Monument, the Dome of
the basilica, and finally, the High
Altar.
Since we
cannot gain access to the St. Benedict Hall, this concludes our tour of the
Abbey of Montecassino. Have a nice day Dr. Raia,
Judi, and Kim.